MCQ on Amino Acids:
- Amino acids are particles that make up proteins and can be divided into two groups: non-essential and essential.
- The constituent elements of amino acids: C, H, O, N, and some contain S.
- Each amino acid contains at least one amino group and one carboxyl group, and the R group may also contain an amino group or a carboxyl group.
- The amino acids that make up the protein have a -NH 2 and a -COOH connected to the same carbon atom.
- Amino acids are divided into essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids. Amino acids are called essential amino acids.
- The requirement of essential amino acids for adults is about 20% to 37% of the protein requirement.
- Non-essential amino acid that amino acids that humans (or other vertebrates) can synthesize themselves from simple precursors and do not need to be obtained from food. For example, amino acids such as glycine and alanine.
- Some amino acids and it's function
- Lysine: promote brain development, is a component of liver and gallbladder, can promote fat metabolism, regulate pineal gland, mammary gland, corpus luteum and ovary, prevent cell degeneration;
- Tryptophan: promote gastric juice and the production of pancreatic juice;
- Phenylalanine: involved in eliminating the loss of kidney and bladder function;
- Methionine: involved in the formation of hemoglobin, tissue and serum, and has the function of promoting spleen, pancreas and lymph;
- Threonine: It has the function of changing certain amino acids to achieve balance;
- Isoleucine: participates in the regulation and metabolism of the thymus, spleen and subbrain glands;
- Leucine: plays a role in balancing isoleucine Acid; valine: acting on the corpus luteum, mammary gland and ovary.
Amino Acids and Proteins MCQ Questions and Answers:
1. The basic structural unit of protein is____
(1) Glucose
(2) amino acid
(3) Nucleotides
(4) glycerin
Answer: 2
2. Which of the following amino acids cannot be synthesized in human cells____
(1) Glycine
(2) Alanine
(3) glutamic acid
(4) Lysine
Answer: 4
3. The two groups that form a peptide bond are_________
(1) Phosphate, Phosphate
(2) Carboxyl, amino
(3) Hydroxyl, amino
(4) Aldehyde group, amino group
Answer: 2
4. When two amino acid molecules form a dipeptide, a molecule of water is removed, and the oxygen in the water molecule comes from________
(1) Amino
(2) carboxyl
(3) R base
(4) Carboxyl and Amino
Answer: 2
5. There are about 20 kinds of amino acids that make up biological proteins. The main basis for distinguishing different kinds of amino acids is_______
(1) number of amino groups
(2) Different R groups
(3) The number of carboxyl groups
(4) composition of elements
Answer: 2
6. Which of the following statements about amino acids is correct______
(1) There are only 100 amino acids
(2) There are about 20 amino acids that make up proteins
(3) Proteins are made up of 10 amino acids
(4) There are about 20 main amino acids that make up carbohydrates
Answer: 2
7. Which of the following statements about the structure of amino acids is incorrect_______
(1) Each amino acid has only one amino group and one carboxyl group
(2) Each amino acid has an amino group and a carboxyl group attached to the same carbon atom
(3) A hydrogen atom and a side chain group are also attached to the carbon atom connecting an amino group and a carboxyl group
(4) The side chain group (R group) is different, the amino acid is different
Answer: 1
8. The statement about the helium-based acids that make up proteins in living organisms is false________
(1) The amino acid with the highest molecular weight is glycine
(2) Some amino acids cannot be synthesized in human cells
(3) Peptide bonds are formed between amino acid molecules through dehydration condensation
(4) Differences between different amino acids are caused by R groups
Answer: 1
9. If there are two carboxyl groups in an amino acid molecule, and one carboxyl group is attached to the R group, then the other carboxyl group is___________
(1) Attached to the amino terminus
(2) Attached to the carboxy terminus
(3) linked to hydrogen
(4) attached to the carbon atom to which the amino group is attached
Answer: 4
10. Tyrosine, one of the amino acids that make up the protein of an organism, is almost insoluble in water, while arginine is easily soluble in water. The difference depends on__________
(1) Arginine has more carboxyl groups
(2) Amino poly of tyrosine
(3) The R group composition of the two is different
(4) The two structures are completely different
Answer: 3