MCQ on Translation with Answers Pdf :
1. What is translation in biology?
A. The process of production of functional proteins by reading the genetic information from messenger RNAs (mRNA) is referred to as translation.
B. The process of production of m-RNA is referred to as translation.
C. The process of production of DNA is referred to as translation.
D. None of these
Answer: A
2. Shine-Dalgarno sequence is present in the ____________________
A. hnRNA
B. mRNA
C. tRNA
D. siRNA
Answer: B
3. What is polysome____
A. active site for synthesis of lipids
B. active site for synthesis of proteins
C. active site for synthesis of DNA
D. all of these
Answer: B
4. In the process of gene-controlled protein synthesis, the main sites of transcription and translation are, in order_______
A. Cytoplasm and cytoplasm
B. The nucleus and cytoplasm
C. Cytoplasm and nucleus
D. nucleus and nucleus
Answer: B
5. What drives the conformational change in the ribosome?
A. GTP hydrolysis
B. AMP hydrolysis
C. ATP hydrolysis
D. GDP hydrolysis
Answer: A
6. How many codons are there for 20 amino acids?
A. 20 kinds
B. 16 kinds
C. 64 kinds
D. 4 kinds
Answer: 3
7. Which is the energy rich molecule required for initiation of translation?
A. One molecule of GTP
B. One molecule of ATP
C. Two molecule of GTP
D. Two molecule of ATP
Answer: A
8. What are codons in genetics_______
A. 3 adjacent bases on a DNA strand
B. 3 adjacent bases in mRNA that determine an amino acid
C. 3 bases at one end of the tRNA
D. 3 adjacent base pairs on a DNA molecule
Answer: B
9. Which of the following bacteria can synthesize all of the amino acids required for protein synthesis?
A. E.coli
B. Lactobacillus bravis
C. Saccharomyces cerevisiae
D. Bacillus subtilis
Answer: A
10. A protein consists of 65 amino acids, and the number of bases in the gene that controls the synthesis of the protein is at least______
A. 390
B. 195
C. 65
D. 260
Answer: A
11. In protein synthesis, translocation is initiated with the movement of__________
A. tRNA from P-site to the A-site
B. dipeptidyl tRNA from A-site to P-site
C. tRNA from A-site to P-site
D. tRNA from P-site to E-site
Answer: B
12. Protein synthesis in bacteria takes place on which of the following organelles?
a) Endoplasmic Reticulum
b) Golgi body
c) Ribosomes
d) Mitochondria
Answer: C
13. The sequence of three bases at one end of a transfer RNA is GCU, and the base sequence to the template of the codon on the paired messenger RNA is________
A. CGA
B. GCA
C. GCT
D. TCG
Answer: C
14. In an individual animal, almost all somatic cells contain the same genes, but there are cell-to-cell differences in function because they synthesize different________
A. transfer RNA
B. messenger RNA
C. Nucleotides
D. Ribosome
Answer: B
15. The synthesis of polynucleotide chain of mRNA is catalyzed by the enzyme_____________
a) RNA helicase
b) RNA polymerase
c) DNA polymerase
d) DNA helicase
Answer: B
16. Which of the following inhibits the initiation step of translation_________
A. ricin
B. tetracycline
C. streptomycin
D. cyclohexylamine
Answer: C
17. Which of the statements about protein synthesis is true_______
A. An amino acid corresponds to only one codon
B. Each amino acid corresponds to a tRNA
C. Both are synthesized in ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum
D. Amino acids are determined by mRNA codons
Answer: D
18. Which of the following are non-sense codons?
a) AUG
b) GUG
c) UAA
d) UCU
Answer: C
19. Which of the following statement is incorrect about protein synthesis______
A. Stop codons do not encode amino acids
B. Each tRNA transports only one amino acid
C. The anticodon of tRNA carries the genetic information of the amino acid sequence
D. Ribosomes can move on mRNA
Answer: C
20. ……………………………. Is the first step of protein biosynthesis from RNA.
A. Translation
B. DNA synthesis
C. Transcription
D. RNA Duplication
Answer: A
21. Which of the following statements about DNA replication, transcription and translation is true_______
A. All three processes are carried out in all living cells
B. All three processes take place in the cytoplasm
C. All three processes have base complementary pairing process, but the way of base pairing is not exactly the same
D. The template for replication and transcription is exactly the same, and not the same as the template for translation
Answer: C
22. Which of the following is considered to be the start codon_____
A. AGG
B. UAG
C. GUG
D. AUG
Answer: D
23. The process of islet B cells synthesizing and secreting insulin involves_________
① DNA self-replication
② Messenger RNA synthesis
③ Polypeptide synthesis according to the sequence of codons on messenger RNA
④ Ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi and other organelles
⑤ Cellular respiration and ATP
A. ①②③④
B. ①③④⑤
C. ②③④⑤
D. ②③④
Answer: C
24. Protein synthesis is nothing but_______
A. duplicating required DNA for synthesis of proteins
B. formation of amino acids from mRNA
C. formation of mRNA from DNA template
D. formation of amino acids from DNA template directly
Answer: 2