Principles of Inheritance and Variation NEET Questions with Answers:
Practicing our Principles of Inheritance and Variation NEET Questions with Answers is one of the best ways to prepare for the NEET exam. As we know there is no substitute for consistent practice and putting in hard work to get a great score in the NEET Biology exam. By practicing the below MCQ on Principles of Inheritance and Variation, students can improve their speed and accuracy which can help them during their exam.
Principles of Inheritance and Variation MCQ for NEET:
1. Who introduced the chromosomal theory of inheritance?
(1) Mendel
(2) Sutton
(3) Reginald
(4) Boyen
Answer: 2
2. The allele which is unable to express its effect in the presence of another is called____________
(1) Co-dominant
(2) Supplementary
(3) Complementary
(4) Recessive
Answer: 4
Read: Human Reproduction NEET Questions
3. Multiple alleles are present_______
(1) On different chromosomes
(2) At different loci on the same chromosome
(3) At the same loci of the chromosome
(4) On non-sister chromatids
Answer: 3
4. Colour blindness is an _________ linked recessive trait.
(1) Z chromosome
(2) Y chromosome
(3) X chromosome
(4) None of the above
Answer : 3
Read: Cell cycle and Cell Division Questions
5. A heterozygous tall plant is crossed with homozygous dwarf plants then find out the percentage of homozygous dwarf plants_________
(1) 100%
(2) 50%
(3) 75%
(4) 25%
Answer: 2
6. Down’s syndrome is a___________
(1) Mendelian disorder
(2) Chromosomal disorder
(3) Can be (a) or (b)
(4) None of the above
Answer: 2
Read: Reproductive Health MCQ
7. When red and white-flowered plants of Mirabilis jalapa are crossed then the ratio of F2-generation will be________
(1) 2: 2
(2) 3: 1
(3) 1: 2: 1
(4) 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
Answer: 3
8. Select the correct match:
(1) T. H. Morgan-Transduction
(2) F2 x Recessive parent-Dihybrid cross
(3) Ribozyme-Nucleic acid
(4) G. Mendel-Transformation
Answer: 3
Read: Reproduction in lower and Higher Plants
9. A true-breeding plant is_________
(1) near homozygous and produces offspring of its own kind
(2) always homozygous recessive in its genetic constitution
(3) one that can breed on its own
(4) produced due to cross-pollination among unrelated plants
Answer: 1
10. The term "linkage" was coined by_______
(1) W.Sutton
(2) T.H. Morgan
(3) T.Boveri
(4) G.Mendel
Answer: 2
Read: Human Health and Disease NEET Questions
11. A pleiotropic gene________
(1) controls multiple traits in an individual
(2) is expressed only in primitive plants
(3) is a gene that evolved during Pliocene
(4) controls a trait only in combination with another gene
Answer: 1
12. A population will not exist in Hardy - Weinberg equilibrium if________
(1) There are no mutations
(2) There is no migration
(3) The population is large
(4) Individuals mate selectively
Answer: 4
Read: Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQ
13. Which is the most common mechanism of genetic variation in the population of sexually reproducing organisms?
(1) Chromosomal aberrations
(2) Genetic drift
(3) Recombination
(4) Transduction
Answer: 3
14. If a color-blind man marries a woman who is homozygous for normal color vision, the probability of their son being color-blind is__________
(1) 0.75
(2) 1
(3) 0
(4) 0.5
Answer: 3
15. Which of the following pairs is wrongly matched________
(1) XO type Sex Determination: Grasshopper
(2) ABO Blood grouping: Co-dominance
(3) Starch synthesis in Pea: Multiple alleles.
(4) T.H. Morgan: Linkage
Answer: 3
16. Pick out the correct statements.
(i) Haemophilia is a sex-linked recessive disease.
(ii) Down's syndrome is due to aneuploidy
(iii) Phenylketonuria is an autosomal recessive gene disorder
(iv) Sickle cell anaemia is an X-linked recessive gene disorder
(1) (ii) and (iv) correct
(2) (i), (iii) and (iv) correct
(3) (i), (ii) and (iii) correct
(4) (ii) and (iv) correct
Answer: 3
17. Which of the following is incorrect regarding ZW – ZZ type of sex determination?
(1) It occurs in birds and some reptiles.
(2) Females are homogametic and males are heterogametic.
(3) 1:1 sex ratio is produced in the offspring.
(4) All of these
Answer: B
18. In a dihybrid cross where two parents differ in two pairs of contrasting traits like seed color yellow (YY) and seed color green (yy) with seed shape round (RR) and seed shape wrinkled (RR). The number of green-colored seeds (yy) among sixteen products of the F2 generation will be________
(1) 2
(2) 4
(3) 6
(4) 8
Answer: 2
19. A heterozygous tall plant is crossed with homozygous dwarf plants then find out the percentage of homozygous dwarf plants:-
(1) 100%
(2) 50%
(3) 75%
(4) 25%
Answer: 2
20. Haemophilia is a:-
(1) autosomal recessive disorder
(2) sex-linked recessive disorder
(3) autosomal dominant disorder
(4) inborn error of metabolism linked to an autosome
Answer: 2
21. Blood groups are controlled by antigens which are present:-
(1) In plasma
(2) On RBC membrane
(3) In red bone marrow
(4) On WBC membrane
Answer: 2
22. Linkage is a tendency of alleles of different genes to assort together in:-
(1) Meiosis
(2) Mitosis
(3) X-Y linkage
(4) Inversion
Answer: 1
23. A parent having autosomal dominant disease then what will be the probability of diseased offspring (irrespective of the sex of the child):-
(1) 90%
(2) 10%
(3) 75%
(4) 50%
Answer: 3
24. Thalassemia and sickle cell anemia are caused due to a problem in globin molecule synthesis. Select the correct statement :
(1) Both are due to a quantitative defect in globin chain synthesis
(2) Thalassemia is due to less synthesis of globin molecules
(3) Sickel cell anemia is due to a quantitative problem of globin molecules
(4) Both are due to a qualitative defect in globin chain synthesis
Answer: 2
25. The genotypes of a husband and wife are IA IB & IA i. Among the blood types of their children, how many different genotypes and phenotypes are possible?
(1) 3 genotypes ; 4 phenotypes
(2) 4 genotypes ; 3 phenotypes
(3) 4 genotypes; 4 phenotypes
(4) 3 genotypes ; 3 phenotypes
Answer: 2
26. Which one from those given below is the period for Mendel's hybridization experiments?
(1) 1840 - 1850
(2) 1857 - 1869
(3) 1870 - 1877
(4) 1856 - 1863
Answer: 4
27. Select the correct statement :
(1) Franklin Stahl coined the term "linkage".
(2) Punnett square was developed by a British scientist.
(3) Spliceosomes take part in translation.
(4) Transduction was discovered by S. Altman.
Answer: 2
28. Which of the following characteristics represent 'Inheritance of blood groups in humans?
a. Dominance
b. Co-dominance
c. Multiple alleles
d. Incomplete dominance
e. Polygenic inheritance
(1) b, c, and e
(2) a, b and c
(3) b, d, and e
(4) a, c and e
Answer: 2
29. A woman has an X-linked condition on one of her X chromosomes. This chromosome can be inherited by:-
(1) Only daughters
(2) Only sons
(3) Only grandchildren
(4) Both sons & daughters
Answer: 4
30. Which one is correct?
(1) Turner's syndrome - XO monosomy in females
(2) Down's syndrome - XO monosomy
(3) Klinefelter's syndrome - XXY in females
(4) Sickle cell anemia - X-linked dominant disease
Answer: 1
31. Law of dominance explains:-
(1) that both the alleles do not show any blending and both parental characters are recovered as such in F2
(2) that 3:1 phenotypic ratio obtained in the F2 generation
(3) that at the time of gamete formation both alleles segregate from each other
(4) that only parental traits appear in the F2 generation
Answer: 2
32. Ratio in case of the complementary gene in dihybrid cross is:-
(1) 9:7
(2) 9:3:3:1
(3) 9:3:4
(4) 12:3:1
Answer: 1
33. Test cross in plants or in Drosophila involves crossing:
(1) Between two genotypes with the dominant trait
(2) Between two genotypes with a recessive trait
(3) Between two F1 hybrids
(4) The F1 hybrid with a double recessive genotype
Answer: 4
34. Which one of the following conditions of the zygotic cell would lead to the birth of a normal human female child?
(1) One X and one Y chromosome
(2) Two X chromosome
(3) Only one Y chromosome
(4) Only one X chromosome
Answer: 2
35. F2 generation in a Mendelian cross showed that both genotypic and phenotypic ratios are the same as 1: 2: 1. It represents a case of:-
(1) Monohybrid cross with complete dominance
(2) Monohybrid cross with incomplete dominance
(3) Co-dominance
(4) Dihybrid cross
Answer: 2
36. A certain road accident patient with an unknown blood group needs an immediate blood transfusion. His one doctor friend at once offers his blood. What was the blood group of the donor?
(1) Blood group O
(2) Blood group A
(3) Blood group B
(4) Blood group AB
Answer: 1
37. A normal visioned man whose father was color-blind marries a woman whose father was also color blind. They have their first child as a daughter. What are the chances that this child would be color-blind?
(1) 25%
(2) 50%
(3) 100%
(4) Zero percent
Answer: 4
38. A test cross is carried out to :
(1) assess the number of alleles of a gene.
(2) determine whether two species or varieties will breed successfully.
(3) determine the genotype of a plant at F2
(4) predict whether two traits are linked.
Answer: 3
39. Phenotype of an organism is the result of –
(1) Mutations and linkages
(2) Cytoplasmic effects and nutrition
(3) Environmental changes and sexual dimorphism
(4) Genotype and environment interactions
Answer: 4
40. How many different kinds of gametes will be produced by a plant having the genotype AABbCC?
(1) Three
(2) Four
(3) Nine
(4) Two
Answer: 4
41. Test cross involves –
(1) Crossing between two genotypes with a recessive trait
(2) Crossing between two F1 hybrids
(3) Crossing the F1 hybrid with a double recessive genotype
(4) Crossing between two genotypes with the dominant trait
Answer: 3
42. In Mendel's experiments with the garden pea, round seed shape (RR) was dominant over wrinkled seeds (RR), yellow cotyledon (YY) was dominant over green cotyledon (yy). What are the expected phenotypes in the F2 generation of the cross RRYY × array?
(1) Only round seeds with green cotyledons
(2) Only wrinkled seeds with yellow cotyledons
(3) Only wrinkled seeds with green cotyledons
(4) Round seeds with yellow cotyledons, and wrinkled seeds with yellow cotyledons
Answer: 4
43. Which one of the following is the most suitable medium for the culture of Drosophila melanogaster?
(1) Moist bread
(2) Agar-agar
(3) Ripe banana
(4) cow dung
Answer: 3
44. If a colorblind woman marries a normal visioned man, their sons will be –
(1) All normal visioned
(2) One–half colorblind and one–half normal
(3) Three–fourths colorblind and one–fourth normal
(4) All colorblind
Answer: 4
45. In which mode of inheritance do you expect more maternal influence among the offspring?
(1) Autosomal
(2) Cytoplasmic
(3) Y-linked
(4) X-linked
Answer: 2
46. A human male produces sperms with the genotypes AB, Ab, aB, and ab, in equal proportions. What is the corresponding genotype of this person:-
(1) AaBb
(2) AaBB
(3) AABB
(4) AABB
Answer: 1
47. In pea plants, yellow seeds are dominant to green. If a heterozygous yellow seeded plant is crossed with a green seeded plant, what ratio of yellow and green seeded plants would you expect in F1 generation:-
(1) 50 : 50
(2) 9: 1
(3) 1 : 3
(4) 3: 1
Answer: 1
48. Inheritance of skin color in humans is an example of:-
(1) chromosomal aberration
(2) point mutation
(3) polygenic inheritance
(4) codominance
Answer: 3
49. Two genes R and Y are located very close on the chromosomal linkage map of a maize plant. When RRYY and early genotypes are hybridized, the F2 segregation will show:-
(1) Higher number of the recombinant types.
(2) Segregation in the expected 9:3:3:1 ratio.
(3) Segregation in 3:1 ratio.
(4) Higher number of the parental types
Answer: 4
50. Sickle cell anemia is:-
(1) Characterized by elongated sickle-like RBCs with a nucleus
(2) An autosomal linked dominant trait
(3) Caused by substitution of valine by glutamic acid in the beta-globin chain of hemoglobin
(4) Caused by a change in a single base pair of DNA
Answer: 4
51. If two persons with the 'AB' blood group marry and have a sufficiently large number of children, these children could be classified as 'A' blood group: 'AB' blood group 'B' blood group in 1: 2: 1 ratio. The modern technique of protein electrophoresis reveals the presence of both 'A' and 'B' type proteins in 'AB' blood group individuals. This is an example of :
(1) Complete dominance
(2) Codominance
(3) Incomplete dominance
(4) Partial dominance
Answer: 2
52. Which Mendelism idea is depicted by a cross in which the F1 generation resembles both the parents?
(1) co-dominance
(2) incomplete dominance
(3) law of dominance
(4) inheritance of one gene
Answer: 1
53. Which of the following statements is not true of two genes that show 50% recombination frequency?
(1) If the genes are present on the same
chromosome, they undergo more than one
crossovers in every meiosis
(2) The genes may be on different chromosomes
(3) The genes are tightly linked
(4) The genes show an independent assortment
Answer: 3
54. Select the incorrect statement for Gregor Mendel–
(1) He conducted hybridization experiments on garden pea for seven years.
(2) He applied statistical analysis and mathematical logic for the first time to problems in biology.
(3) His experiments had a small sampling size.
(4) He conducted artificial cross-pollination experiments using several true-breeding pea lines.
Answer: 3
55. "When two pairs of traits are combined in a hybrid, segregation of one pair of characters is independent of the other pair of characters". This explains–
(1) Law of dominance
(2) Law of segregation
(3) Law of independent assortment
(4) Postulate of paired factors
Answer: 3